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KMID : 1143420220150030152
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Public Health Weekly Report
2022 Volume.15 No. 3 p.152 ~ p.156
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Antibody persistence after the second dose of vaccine for COVID-19
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Kim Hye-Jin
Choi Ju-Yeon
Lee Hye-Won
Lee Yeong-Jae
Kim Su-Hwan
Kim Ah-Ra
Chung Eun-Joo
Do Hyeon-Nam
Lee June-Woo
Kim Byoung-Guk
Jeong Hyeon-Ji
Oh Young-Seok
Choi Sang-Kyu
Kim Tae-Yong
Ahn Gi-Beom
Jang Yeong-Gyeong
Kim Min-Seok
Hong Hyo-Jeong
Jang Eun-Young
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Abstract
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The first confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Republic of Korea (ROK) was reported on January 20, 2020. Since then, the number of COVID-19 cases has continuously increased, reaching a total of 477,358 cases at 00:00 on December 6, 2021. The COVID-19 vaccines approved for use in the ROK are AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson. This study analyzed antibody production and persistence in vaccine recipients by investigating the immunogenicity of each COVID-19 vaccine used in the ROK. Neutralizing antibody titers in healthy adults aged 20-59 years who received either homologous (AstraZeneca [100 participants], Pfizer [100 participants], Moderna [100 participants], Janssen [50 participants]) or heterologous (99 participants) vaccination were examined and compared considering each vaccine schedule. Neutralizing capacity against delta virus and adverse events were also investigated.
After vaccination, all participants developed neutralizing antibodies, and neutralizing antibody titers reached their
maximum values 2-4 weeks after administration of the second dose. Antibody titers following AstraZeneca vaccination and
heterologous vaccination were 146 and 326, respectively, 3 months after the second dose. Following Pfizer vaccination, the
neutralizing antibody titer was 233, 5 months after the second dose, and following Moderna vaccination, the antibody titer
was 2,012, 2 months after the second dose. A decline in neutralizing antibody titer was observed over time. To establish a national long-term COVID-19 vaccination plan, it is planned to continuously present laboratory-based scientific evidence by conducting long-term follow-up studies on immune response and antibody persistence after vaccination.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19 vaccine, Immunogenicity study, Neutralizing antibody, Delta variant virus
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